Day of Valor
The Day of Valor, also known as Araw ng Kagitingan, honors
the bravery of Filipinos and American soldiers during World War II when the
Philippines was invaded by the Japanese. At dawn on April 9, 1942, Major
General Edward P. King of the United States Army was forced to surrender over
76,000 Filipinos, Chinese, and American soldiers to the Japanese. The soldiers
were expected to hike 90 miles (145 kilometers) to San Fernando's Camp O'Donnell.
Thousands of inmates died from malnutrition, thirst, and illnesses before
reaching the camp during the trek (also known as the Bataan Death March).
Despite
their defeat, the captured soldiers remained strong and emerged as heroes as a
result of the battle. The fall of Corregidor was hastened by the defeat of
Bataan. However, if the Japanese had not taken this stance, they might have
easily overwhelmed all of the US bases in the Pacific. Bataan compelled them to
slow down, allowing the allies precious time to train for subsequent battles
including the Battle of the Coral Sea and the Battle of Midway. On February 8, 1945,
American and Filipino liberation forces retook the Bataan peninsula.
The Day
of Valor was a national holiday until November 26, 1980, when a Letter of
Instruction No. 1087 declared “Araw ng Kagitingan” a national public holiday to
commemorate those who helped restore independence and independence to the
Philippines during WWII. On June 30, 1987, Executive Order No. 203 was issued,
designating April 9 as “Araw Ng Kagitingan” in honor of the veterans of Bataan,
Corregidor, and Bessang.
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